Research Objective 2
To investigate the Influenza A H1N1 cases
Research Questions 2
What are the causes of Influenza A H1N1
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Rosdi bin Zainol G76390 - Shamsul Omar bin Tajidin G76395 - Sulaiman bin Staffa G76474 - Mohd Hapizi bin Che Hassan G76356 - Vejayan a/l Sinnasamy G76400
Hi...I am just joining....
ReplyDeletei am still trying to get use this blog...
ReplyDeletehi and warm welcome to you hafizi, try to make you comfort as it as your home. Get used to it.
ReplyDeleteregard
shamsul (G76395)
Well, I think we wil fimiliar on how to use this blog soon...and of course we are expecting hot debate in this Influenza A H1N1 issues maybe after Hari Raya Aidilfitri....
ReplyDeleteRosdi
The Sun Sept 10 2009
ReplyDeleteInfluenza like illness (ILI)- 173 new cases were reported,174 patients discharge, 1175 patients being treated (98 hospitals),275 confirmed H1N1,41 still in ICU, 73 death....
Hope this H1N1 will slowly disappear
My Comment is:
ReplyDeleteInfluenza, also known as “the flu,” is a contagious respiratory disease caused by several influenza viruses included in the Orthomyxoviridae family. Influenza viruses are classified as type A, type B, or type C. Type A, the most common, infects mammals and birds and is responsible for the occurrence of recurrent annual epidemics and historic pandemics; type B may also produce seasonal outbreaks; while type C is the least common and usually causes mild respiratory illness. Influenza A viruses are further classified in subtypes depending on their surface glycoproteins Hemagglutinin (HA), and Neuraminidase (NA) (e.g H1N1, H5N1).
From my research, I would like to share what I had found with you all....
ReplyDeleteInfluenza viruses may mutate into different strains with minor changes (i.e., antigenic drift) or major changes (i.e., antigenic shift) in the structure of the HA, and NA glycoproteins, which function to facilitate the cellular infection. Antigenic drift in a virus occurs more commonly than antigenic shift, and is responsible for the antigenic variability of the influenza A subtypes, that make recognition by the immune system difficult. However, when a more radical change occurs (i.e., antigenic shift) a novel strain may appear, against which there is no immunity among humans, producing a pandemic (i.e., worldwide epidemic).
Influenza infection may be characterized as swine influenza, avian influenza, or human influenza, depending on the host. The virus circulates in wild birds, and may infect other birds and mammals producing the disease. Occasionally an influenza virus circulating in birds or pigs crosses the species and infects humans, producing influenza of swine or avian origin. Direct infections from avian or swine sources are infrequent and occur
Associated with direct contact (e.g farm workers).
Avian influenza viruses are classified as low pathogenic (LPAI) and highly pathogenic (HPAI), with several subtypes, such as the HPAI A (H5N1), that originated an epidemic in animals, spreading worldwide among birds, and with capacity to infect humans. Unlike the seasonal influenza, the infection produced by HPAI A (H5N1) virus in humans follows a rapid and aggressive course characterized by a severe disease.
Seasonal influenza occurs in epidemics every year with illness produced by non-pandemic strains (influenza A accounts for 80% and influenza B 20%), usually during the winter months (e.g., December through March), although influenza peaks can begin as early as October and extend into the month of May. The circulating subtypes of influenza A include H1N1, H1N2 and H3N3.
In April 2009, a new variant of the influenza A type H1N1 virus, originated from swine, was detected. The new strain virus is the result of a re-assortment of gene segments from one human, one avian, and two swine influenza type A viruses. The sustained transmission among humans reached the level of pandemic in June 2009.